In the event that the file is deleted or lost due to some kind of failure, first you need to shut down the computer, even if it is an emergency shutdown.
So, damage to a logical disk can be physical and logical. The first of these, that is, damage to the logical structures of your file system, can be different. Moreover, with the perfection of the file system, data recovery will be more difficult. If physical damage has occurred, then you should seek help from specialists in the repair service, because you may need to open the hard drive.
Sometimes it happens that after deleting a file, after a while, it becomes necessary to restore it. However, the file is not in the trash can. The fact is that it could have been removed directly, so to speak, past the basket, or maybe it simply turned out to be larger than the size of the basket itself. In addition, Windows' convenient RecycleBin is not always reliable. Files that are removed using the command line, any 16-bit program, or DOS program do not end up in RecycleBin.
After detecting the deletion of the file, you must close all open programs by pressing Alt + Ctrl + Del to restart the computer. While the files are being written, its name and attributes are recorded. But deleting a file is only the release of the chain in the table in which it was located. In this table, instead of the initial letter of the file, a special character is indicated, indicating that this element is free.
Thus, the data itself cannot be deleted. In order to restore them, you must specify the sequence of the entire table chain and the initial letter. Sometimes the disk can be too fragmented, then it will be difficult to collect all the parts of the file, as they will be scattered throughout the disk.
In other words, after freeing the FAT chain, its elements become available again and other files can be written to this place. In this regard, after a while, the likelihood that the files can be recovered significantly decreases.
This is especially true for the Windows operating system, because most users use a dynamically sized paging file, but this is ineffective. This is due to the fact that it is fragmented to a greater extent due to the change in the size of the file. In addition, it can capture free elements in the FAT, which could be parts of a deleted file.
Therefore, except for you, everyone who you temporarily gave a computer or hard drive to, or sold it to, can recover deleted files. To prevent this from happening, computer maintenance programs such as TuneUpUtilities or utility WipeInfo, which are able to delete files in used sectors with all data, and headers to them.
In general, today there are a large number of free programs that can recover deleted data. After all, physically after cleaning RecycleBin the Windows operating system does not delete files from the disk. More precisely, the clusters of the file are marked as available. As long as the new data does not overwrite the cluster, the deleted file can be restored, since it is located on disk.
What software should I use?
At the same time, there are both general-purpose programs and highly specialized programs. For example, the program SmartImageRecovery recovers deleted image files such as gif, jpg, png after overwriting files and after formatting the disk.The unique algorithm of this program does not depend on the system of media files to be restored. By using a preliminary search, you can stop the direct search process after finding a deleted file. In addition, the program interface is easy to use.
In turn, a small utility Recuva also recovers deleted files. This program scans the necessary selected partition of the hard drive rather quickly, and also displays everything in the form of a directory tree and a list. In the list mode, the utility can show the state of the file, which is necessary to assess its possible recovery. Also, this program helps to recover files from MP-3 players and digital images. Among the utility's advantages is a multilingual interface, including Russian.
Another well-known file recovery program is HetmanUneraser... With its help, you can not only recover accidentally deleted documents and files, but also information on external, hard, USB drives that was lost after formatting. The preview function allows you to preview the contents of deleted files. Also, before registering the program, you can view the files to be restored.
